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Jizya is a tax paid by non-Muslims, especially the scribes to guarantee the protection of lives, property, worship, free from values and not conscripts. At the time of the Prophet magnitude jizya one dinar per year for adults who can afford it. Women, children (under 15 years), beggars, priests, parents, people with mental illness and all who suffer from illnesses exempted from this obligation. Messenger sawjuga collect jizya from the public schools of Bahrain who hold Zorotrisme. At that time the people involved in the collection of jizya was Abu Ubayd ibn Jarra and Mu'ad ibn Jabal (Sadr, 1989).
The word zakat means to grow, purify or improve. The word itself refers to the purity obtained after the obligatory zakat donations implemented. This is in accordance with the Qur'an (9:103). At the time of the Prophet, the zakat is imposed on the following matters: (1) metal objects made of gold such as coins, tools, ornaments, or in any other form. (2) metal objects made of silver, such as coins, tools, ornaments, or in any other form. (3) Animals camels, cows, sheep, goats. (4) Various kinds of merchandise, including slaves and animals. (5) The agriculture including fruits. (6) Luqta, abandoned property and the enemy (7) Any findings. Zakat gold and silver are determined by weight. Cattle (the shepherd free) is determined based on the amount. Merchandise, materials and mining luqta determined based on resale value and agricultural products and fruits are determined based on the quantity. Zakah on crops and fruits is called Ushr (Sabzwari, 1984).
Nisab (lowest limit of the quantity or value of a commodity and the amount of each type of livestock animal) is fixed. Nisab and charity of many different kinds of goods with each other. For example zakat all types of property 2.5%, for the mine property and property rikas 20%. Land with access to the 5% irrigation, land that does not use irrigation 10%. While cattle varied between 1% and 2.5% (Afzalurrahman, 1982:158).
Assidiq Abu Bakr declared war against those who refused to pay zakat. Because of the poor and weak have a right to the wealth of the rich members of society. He did not hesitate to take part of the poor from the rich by using violence. In Kitab al-Kharaj Abu Bakr said: "By Allah! If they refuse to pay one time, to tie the feet on his camel, what they have paid to the Prophet, I will declare war against them because of their rejection (Afzalurrahman, 1982:107).
Abu Bakr was concerned the accuracy of calculating zakat. As he said in Anas (a Amyl), that "if one had to pay one year old camel, while he did not have it and he offered to give a female camel that was two years old, it is acceptable. Zakat collectors will return 20 dirhams or two goats to her "(Ameer Ali, 1949).
(source page: http://journal.amikom.ac.id/index.php/Koma/article/view/1394)
The word zakat means to grow, purify or improve. The word itself refers to the purity obtained after the obligatory zakat donations implemented. This is in accordance with the Qur'an (9:103). At the time of the Prophet, the zakat is imposed on the following matters: (1) metal objects made of gold such as coins, tools, ornaments, or in any other form. (2) metal objects made of silver, such as coins, tools, ornaments, or in any other form. (3) Animals camels, cows, sheep, goats. (4) Various kinds of merchandise, including slaves and animals. (5) The agriculture including fruits. (6) Luqta, abandoned property and the enemy (7) Any findings. Zakat gold and silver are determined by weight. Cattle (the shepherd free) is determined based on the amount. Merchandise, materials and mining luqta determined based on resale value and agricultural products and fruits are determined based on the quantity. Zakah on crops and fruits is called Ushr (Sabzwari, 1984).
Nisab (lowest limit of the quantity or value of a commodity and the amount of each type of livestock animal) is fixed. Nisab and charity of many different kinds of goods with each other. For example zakat all types of property 2.5%, for the mine property and property rikas 20%. Land with access to the 5% irrigation, land that does not use irrigation 10%. While cattle varied between 1% and 2.5% (Afzalurrahman, 1982:158).
Assidiq Abu Bakr declared war against those who refused to pay zakat. Because of the poor and weak have a right to the wealth of the rich members of society. He did not hesitate to take part of the poor from the rich by using violence. In Kitab al-Kharaj Abu Bakr said: "By Allah! If they refuse to pay one time, to tie the feet on his camel, what they have paid to the Prophet, I will declare war against them because of their rejection (Afzalurrahman, 1982:107).
Abu Bakr was concerned the accuracy of calculating zakat. As he said in Anas (a Amyl), that "if one had to pay one year old camel, while he did not have it and he offered to give a female camel that was two years old, it is acceptable. Zakat collectors will return 20 dirhams or two goats to her "(Ameer Ali, 1949).
(source page: http://journal.amikom.ac.id/index.php/Koma/article/view/1394)
